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Bjerrum length : ウィキペディア英語版
Bjerrum length
The Bjerrum length (after Danish chemist Niels Bjerrum 1879–1958
〔http://www.rsc.org/delivery/_ArticleLinking/DisplayArticleForFree.cfm?doi=TF959550X001&JournalCode=TF〕)
is the separation at which the electrostatic interaction between two
elementary charges is comparable in magnitude to the thermal energy scale,
k_B T, where k_B is the Boltzmann constant and T is the
absolute temperature in Kelvin. This length scale arises naturally in discussions of electrostatic,
electrodynamic and electrokinetic phenomena in electrolytes, polyelectrolytes and colloidal dispersions.

In standard units, the Bjerrum length is given by
\lambda_B = \frac,
where e is the elementary charge, \varepsilon_r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium
and \varepsilon_0 is the vacuum permittivity.
For water at
room temperature (T = 300 \mbox), \varepsilon_r \approx 80, so that
\lambda_B \approx 0.7 \mbox.
In Gaussian units, 4\pi\varepsilon_0 = 1 and the Bjerrum length has the simpler form
\lambda_B = \frac.
==References==


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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